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STANDARD THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES (continued) Molecular ∆fH°/kJ mol–1 ∆fG°/kJ mol–1 S°/J mol–1 K–1 C p/J mol–1 K–1 formula Name Crys. STANDARD THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES (continued) Molecular ∆fH°/kJ mol–1 ∆fG°/kJ mol–1 S°/J mol–1 K–1 C p/J mol–1 K–1 formula Name Crys.

Thermodynamics is the branch of physics which is responsible for studying heat and its potential to produce energy, and properties related to both aspects. Types of thermodynamic systems In the first instance, some of the basic concepts related to thermodynamic systems are environment, system boundary and universe. The thermodynamic properties of materials are intensive thermodynamic parameters which are specific to a given material. Each is directly related to a second order differential of a thermodynamic potential. Examples for a simple 1-component system are. In-depth reference for solid material thermodynamics Thermodynamics of Materials provides a comprehensive reference for chemical engineers and others whose work involves material science. Volume 1 covers the statistical and classical thermodynamics of solids, including enthalpy, entropy, energy exchange, and more. In-depth examination of property relationships includes chemical potentials.

Thermodynamics

Equilibrium / Non-equilibrium

State
Processes
Cycles

Process functions
Functions of state
Temperature / Entropy (introduction) Pressure / Volume Chemical potential / Particle number

Specific heat capacity

{displaystyle c=}

${displaystyle T}$	${displaystyle partial S}$
${displaystyle N}$	${displaystyle partial T}$

Compressibility

{displaystyle beta =-}

${displaystyle 1}$	${displaystyle partial V}$
${displaystyle V}$	${displaystyle partial p}$

Thermal expansion

{displaystyle alpha =}

${displaystyle 1}$	${displaystyle partial V}$
${displaystyle V}$	${displaystyle partial T}$

Internal energy
${displaystyle U(S,V)}$
Enthalpy
${displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}$
Helmholtz free energy
${displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}$
Gibbs free energy
${displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}$

History
Philosophy
Theories
Key publications
'An Experimental Enquiry Concerning .. Heat' 'Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire'
Timelines
Art Education

The thermodynamic properties of materials are intensive thermodynamic parameters which are specific to a given material. Each is directly related to a second order differential of a thermodynamic potential. Examples for a simple 1-component system are:

Compressibility (or its inverse, the bulk modulus)

Isothermal compressibility

{displaystyle beta _{T}=-{frac {1}{V}}left({frac {partial V}{partial P}}right)_{T}quad =-{frac {1}{V}},{frac {partial ^{2}G}{partial P^{2}}}}

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